what exactly do you mean by led ?

 

what do you mean by led ?

An extremely basic overview of the workings of a light-emitting diode.

In the most basic terms an LED ( led full form) is an electronic device that emits light when an electric current is traversed through it. The light is created when the particles carrying electrons and holes (known as electrons and holes) are incorporated into the materials of the semiconductor.

Since light is produced inside the semiconductor solid LEDs are described in terms of solid-state technology. The term solid-state lighting, that also includes organic LEDs (OLEDs) sets this technology of lighting from other sources using hot filaments (incandescent and tungsten lamp halogens) (or gas discharge) (fluorescent lamps).

Different colors
Inside the semiconductor of the LED the electrons as well as holes are contained within energy bands. The band separation (i.e. that is the bandgap) determines the energy of the photons (light particles) that are released from the LED.

The photon energy determines the wavelength of the emitted light, and hence the color. Different semiconductor materials with different bands produce various hues of light. The exact wavelength (color) can be altered by altering the structure of the light emitting or active area.

LEDs are made up of semiconductor compounds, that are composed of elements of group III and group V of the periodic table (these are also known as III-V-based materials). Examples of III-V materials commonly used in the production of LEDs include gallium arsenide (GaAs) and gallium Phosphide (GaP).

In the early 90s, LEDs were only available in only a few colors and, in particular, commercial blue and white LEDs were not in use. The introduction of LEDs made of the gallium nitride (GaN) technology expanded the color palette and enabled a myriad of new possibilities.

Main LED materials
The main semiconductor materials utilized to create LEDs are:

  • Indium gallium Nitride (InGaN):blue, green and ultraviolet high-brightness LEDs
  • Aluminium gallium Phosphide (AlGaInP):yellow, bright red and orange high-brightness light sources
  • Algalium gallium arsenide (AlGaAs):red and infrared LEDs
  • Gallium Phosphide (GaP):yellow and green LEDs

Learn About LED Lighting

The Basics of LED Lighting

What are LEDs and how do they work?

LEDstands for light emitting diode. LED lighting products create light that is up to 90 percent more efficiently than conventional light bulbs. How do they function? A current of electricity flows through a microchip. The microchip illuminates the tiny light sources that we refer to as LEDs. The results are visible lights. To help prevent issues with performance the heat produced by LEDs is absorbed into a heat sink.

Lifetime of LED Lighting Products

The useful life of LED lighting devices is different from that of other light sources, like incandescent and the compact fluorescent lamp (CFL). LEDs generally do not "burn out" or fail. Instead they suffer from 'lumen depreciation which is when the LED's brightness decreases gradually over the course of. As opposed to incandescent bulbs "lifetime" is established on a forecast of when brightness decreases by 30.

How are LEDs Used in Lighting

LEDs are incorporated into fixtures and bulbs for general lighting purposes. Small in size, LEDs provide unique design opportunities. Some LED bulbs may look similar to traditional lighting bulbs and are more in line with the style of conventional light bulbs. Certain LED lighting fixtures might feature LEDs in them as permanent lighting sources. They also have hybrid approaches that use a non-traditional "bulb" or replaceable light source format is used and designed specifically for a unique fixture. LEDs are a fantastic opportunity for innovation in lighting forms and are able to be utilized in to a greater range of applications over traditional lighting technologies.

LEDs and Heat

LEDs use heat sinks to absorb the heat produced by the LED, and then disperse it into the surrounding environment. This prevents LEDs from overheating or burning out. Management of temperature is often the primary element in the performance of an LED throughout its life. The more heated the LEDs are operated at, the quicker the light will degrade and the shorter its time-to-use will be.

LED products utilize a range of different designs for heat sinks and configurations to manage heat. Nowadays, advances in materials have enabled manufacturers to develop LED bulbs that are akin to the dimensions and shapes of traditional incandescent bulbs. In spite of the heat-sink design the majority of LED products that have received the ENERGY STAR have been tested to ensure that they are able to manage the heat to ensure that light output can be adequate until the end of its life rated.

Read more about it here. led full form


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